Speaker 1: Today, I'm excited to announce our next generation. The TPU V four. These are powered by the V four chip, which is more than twice as fast as the V3 chip TPUs are connected together into super computers called pods. A single V four pod contains 4,000 than 96 V four chips, and each pod has 10 X, the interconnect bandwidth per chip at scale, compared to any other networking [00:00:30] technology. This makes it possible for a TPU V four pod to deliver more than one XO flop 10 to the 18 par floating point operations per second of comput are, think about it this way. If 10 million people wear on their laptops right now, then all of those laptops put together would almost match the computing par of one XF flop. This is the fastest system we've ever deployed at Google and a historic milestone for us [00:01:00] previously to get ANF flop needed to build a custom supercomputer, but we already have many of these deployed today.
Speaker 1: And we'll soon have dozens of TPV for pots in our data centers. Many of which will be operating at our near 90% carbon free energy. And our TPU four pots will be available to our cloud customers later this year. It's tremendously exciting to see the space of innovation. As [00:01:30] we look further into the future, there are types of problems that classical computing will not be able to solve in a reasonable time. Quantum computing represents a fundamental shift because it, the properties of quantum mechanics and gives us the best chance of understanding the natural world. Achieving our quantum milestone was a tremendous accomplishment, but we are still at the very beginning of a multi-year journey. One problem we [00:02:00] face today is that our physical qubits are very fragile. Even cost me CRA from outer space can destroy quantum information to solve more complex problems. Our next milestone is to create an error corrected logical cubit.
Speaker 1: It's simply a collection of physical cubits, stable enough to hold quantum information for a long period of time, we start by reducing the error rate of our physical qubits. [00:02:30] Then combining a thousand physical qubits to create a single logical cubit, and then scaling that up to a thousand logical qubits. At which point we will have created an error corrected quantum computer. Today, we are focused on enabling scientists and developers to access beyond classical computational resources, but we hope to one day create an error corrected quantum computer and success could mean everything from increasing [00:03:00] battery efficiency, to creating more sustainable energy, to improve drug discovery and so much more. The roadmap begins in our new data center, which we are calling the quantum AI campus. Let's step inside. Michael, are you there?
Speaker 2: Hey, Sunar how's it going? Yeah, I'm here and I'm excited to learn why I'm here and I'm guessing. That's why
Speaker 3: He's here. Hey Michael. Hey, I'm Eric lead engineer here. [00:03:30] I'd like to welcome you to one of the most powerful quantum computing facilities in the world. Oh, thank
Speaker 2: You. Thank you. What's this gonna
Speaker 3: Touch it? Uh, yeah, that's a quantum processor and inside are these actual of physical qubits. Oh, Hey, little guys. Qubits are the fundamental building blocks of quantum computers, but they're incredibly fragile. Oh, even the tiniest particles can disrupt their operation. Right. Which is why we work so hard to create the optimal environment, to keep them stable. Right. And I'm guessing
Speaker 2: The optimal environment doesn't include like Cheeto dust. So I'm just
Speaker 3: Gonna put this right. It doesn't I back. Thanks. Let me show where the clean ones go. Cool. [00:04:00] So we built this campus to inspire all of our quantum mechanics and to show the world what the future of computing looks like. Good for you,
Speaker 2: Dude. Look at you, dude. Thanks.
Speaker 3: That's a cool lamp. Uh, it's not a lamp. This is actually a cryostat and you're looking at the inside of a quantum computer.
Speaker 2: Wow. Cryostat I love that word. Cryostat I'm guessing people want to know what makes a cryostat a cryostat and
Speaker 3: Eric. Well, everything you see here from the wiring to the aluminum, copper and gold medal stages have been chosen to create a cold and quiet environment for our quantum processors to operate. Right.
Speaker 2: Right, [00:04:30] right. And
Speaker 3: In English, uh, it's a fridge for our cubits. Right. Right. And how cold are we talking about? Uh, we approach near absolute zero 10 millikelvin to be precise. Wow. Which means that parts of our lab are some of the coldest places in the universe. Wow. Colder than Canada. Yeah. Colder than Canada colder than Canada. Well, it's not just temperature. That's important. In fact, we wanna remove all distractions from our cubics right. Including unwanted electrical and magnetic signals. Yeah. Yeah. Who wants that? Right. Well, let me show you what the final product looks like. Is this a Crysta? No, that's not a cryostat. What about this? Is this a cryostat [00:05:00] that's not a cryostat. No, this is a cryostat nice. In fact, this is a fully assembled quantum computer. Yeah. So where's a keyboard. Well, there's no keyboard, but it contains everything you've just seen inside and custom control electronics. All of which were designed and built by our team here at Google. Wait, wait, wait, wait, wait,
Speaker 2: Wait, is this a Bob Ross? Is he on the team? Tell me he's
Speaker 3: On the team. He's not on the team, but this mural is our homage to mother nature. See, quantum is the language of nature and we're learning to speak it here. It will enable us to run precise simulations, the [00:05:30] natural world unlocking answers that would otherwise remain unknown. Okay. So lemme see
Speaker 2: If I get this right. Okay. So these QUTs are really smart. Right. But they're really picky about their work environment. So you gotta put 'em in a lamp. Right. But even then they're like, no, I don't want anybody eating any cheats around me. And they're like, I'm sorry. Okay. I didn't know. Right. So then you gotta wrap them and they're like this Bob Ross blanket of love. Right. And then you keep 'em there until they can tell us how to think, like the earth. Am I right? Yeah. Yeah. It's pretty close. Okay. You know what? This is, this is the power button and
Speaker 3: I wanna start it. I, I I'm, we're [00:06:00] not quite there yet. I'm glad you're on board. Okay. To date, we've reached the first milestone beyond classical computational capabilities. This is us. Yeah. We're here. Everything you've seen here today is what we're using to build to our next milestone and error corrected logical cubit. Right. And from there we're tile, thousands of those together to reach our old ultimate goal. An Eric corrected quantum computer
Speaker 2: Computer. Right. That's
Speaker 3: My goal too. Well, you're in luck. We're building a team to assemble all the right ingredients. All right. Here in the quantum AI campus that you just helped us and bail. So thank you very much, Michael. No, you know what?
Speaker 2: Thank you. And thank [00:06:30] you for everyone. Uh, that's joining us. Uh, I wanna leave you with a couple of my favorite words that I just learned. Uh, one of them being qubits, cute qubits, uh cryostat right. And melon, chilies, Sundar. It was a pleasure doing science with me.
