Editor's note March 28, 2008: The rating for the D40x has been lowered since the review was originally published to reflect changes in the capabilities of current comparable models from other manufacturers.
The Good
The Bad
The Bottom Line
When the Nikon D40 came out late last year, one of the chief complaints people had was that it only had a 6-megapixel imaging sensor. Not being the type to ignore its customers, Nikon has introduced the D40x, which is nearly identical to the D40, but includes a 10.2-megapixel CCD sensor. Of course that means you now have to choose between saving some money--and possibly buying another lens or accessory--and getting more megapixels. Plus, if you're a more experienced photographer, you'll also have to weigh the D40x against the 10.2-megapixel D80, which offers controls and features that are geared toward people who have used an SLR before.
Like its non-x sibling, the D40x includes the same processing engine as the Nikon D200 and the same 420-pixel-sensor 3D Color Matrix Metering II system found in the D80. While the D40 can only be purchased in a kit with the 18mm-to-55mm f/3.5-to-f/5.6 lens, the D40x is available in four options: body only; with the same 18mm to 55mm as the D40; as a two-lens kit with that 18mm to 55mm and a 55mm-to-200mm f/4-to-f/5.6 VR (Nikon's smallest, lightest, and least-expensive vibration-reduction lens to date); or with the same nice 18mm-to-135mm f/3.5-to-f/5.6 available with the D80. Astute Nikonians will note that all these lenses bear the AF-S designation. That's because, like the D40, the D40x doesn't include an autofocus coupling pin, so if you want to use autofocus, you're limited to AF-S or AF-I lenses. In our field tests, among other lenses, we also used a 50mm f/1.4 Nikkor AI-S and a 60mm f/2.8D AF Micro-Nikkor. Both communicated flawlessly with the body, which successfully controlled the lens' aperture blades. The only drawback was we had to focus on our own, which was a relatively pleasurable experience, especially for an entry-level SLR, thanks to the D40x's fairly bright 0.8x viewfinder. However, if you have trouble keeping your horizon straight, you should note the finder lacks any sort of grid.
The camera body itself is on the small side, keeping in line with most of the entry-level dSLRs on the market. It has a well-formed grip, with a slight indentation on the inside that adds to its solid feel, though like the smaller Pentax models and the Canon Rebel XTi, your pinky finger will likely dangle below the camera. In a sacrifice to size (and possibly cost), you won't find a second status display, as you do on the tops of most mid- and pro-level dSLRs. Instead, the 2.5-inch LCD does double duty, serving up camera settings, in addition to its normal role of menu access and image playback. Nikon's new graphic-based interface, introduced in the D40, lives on in the D40x. While it looks nice, and does a good job of showing users the effects of the camera's various controls, the new control scheme isn't particularly intuitive, so users who don't read their manuals may hit a few snags. For example, while we did find it intuitive to press either the Info button near the shutter or the "i" button on the camera back to bring up the shooting information screen, we had to consult the manual to discover that a second press of the "i" button lets you navigate through that screen to change settings such as white balance, ISO, metering, AF mode, or image size and quality. We laud the simplicity of this approach, but the double-button-press process slowed us down during our field tests.
While Nikon's not alone in putting a 3-point autofocus system in its entry-level dSLRs (Olympus' E410 and E510 also use 3-point systems), some competitors, such as Canon's Rebel XTi (9-point AF) and Pentax's K100D and K110D (11-point AF) include more sophisticated autofocus systems. In our field tests, the D40x had occasional difficulty locking on subjects, sometimes choosing the wrong object, but more often was just a bit sluggish. In other areas, the D40x surpasses some of the competition. Its sensitivity settings range from ISO 100 to ISO 1600, plus an H1 setting, which is essentially equivalent to ISO 3200. By contrast, the D40's lowest sensitivity is ISO 200, as are the Pentaxes'. Canon's XTi and the two Olympuses start at ISO 100, but top out at ISO 1600. Shutter speeds on the D40x range from 30 seconds to 1/4000 second, and exposure compensation covers a rather wide swath of plus or minus 5EV in third-stop increments. However, the scale used to show exposure compensation in the viewfinder and on the LCD screen only covers plus or minus 2EV, so beyond that, you need to pay attention to the tiny numerical indicator next to the scale. All other exposure controls also run in third-stop increments, as opposed to the more-coarse half-stop increments that some cameras, such as the Fujifilm S3 Pro, use.
As always, Nikon includes its barely useful Picture Project RAW processing software with the D40x and expects you to shell out an extra $150 to purchase the company's Capture NX software if you want a more robust way to process RAW images. That means, if you plan on shooting in RAW, you need to add $150 to the price of this camera when drawing comparisons with its competitors, all of which include decent RAW converters at no charge. I have yet to meet a Nikon photographer who is not affiliated with the company who doesn't complain voraciously about Nikon's stance on this issue, but it doesn't seem as though the company will change its mind anytime soon. On the flip side, the Capture NX software is quite nice and includes some innovative image editing tools.
In our lab tests, the D40x yielded impressive results. It took 0.15 second to start up and capture its first JPEG. Subsequent JPEGs took 0.48 second between shots with the flash turned off and 0.85 second between shots with the flash turned on. The time between capturing RAW images measured 0.75 second. Shutter lag measured 0.4 second in our high-contrast test, which mimics bright shooting conditions, and 0.9 second in our low-contrast test, which mimics dim shooting conditions. In continuous shooting mode, we were able to capture JPEGs at an average of 2.97 frames per second, regardless of image size.
Image quality from the D40x is extremely good. Colors look very accurate and are well-saturated without being oversaturated. Images have a wide dynamic range, with plenty of detail in both shadows and highlights. We shot our lab test images with the 18mm-to-55mm kit lens, which produced admirably sharp images for an entry-level kit lens, though we did see a very minor amount of fringing with this lens around some extreme highlights. The camera's automatic white balance produces slightly warm images when used with incandescent light sources, such as a living room lamp, but the tungsten preset serves up neutral images in those circumstances. We got the most neutral results when using the manual white balance setting. The D40x's built-in flash is rather powerful--Nikon rates it to be effective to 39 feet at ISO 100--and it did a nice job of balancing its fill flash with the ambient light of the lamp in our test scene.
Noise due to ISO is very low in the D40x. At ISO 100 and ISO 200, noise is almost nonexistent. At ISO 400, it begins to become noticeable on monitors and only ever-so-slightly softens the image, but doesn't appreciably detract from prints. Even at ISO 800, you can barely see noise in prints, and though it is apparent on monitors, it's still well under control and images are still very pleasing. At ISO 1600, noise is more pronounced still, but you should be able to get pleasing prints; images retain much of their shadow detail, and while finer details are softened, they aren't obliterated--text that was readable at ISO 100 will still likely be readable at ISO 1600. At the camera's Hi1 setting, noise becomes very prominent, finer details become blurred away, and the overall dynamic range becomes truncated so you lose a fair amount of shadow detail. However, you should still be able to produce passable prints if you stick with smaller sizes.
Nikon's D40x is a very impressive camera. While not quite as fast as the Canon Rebel XT, it does offer a higher resolution, though the Rebel is less expensive. If you're considering the D40x with the 18mm-135mm kit lens, and you've shot with an SLR before, you'll probably prefer the control system of the D80, which also includes a coupling pin, so you can use it with older Nikon AF lenses and retain the autofocus capability. If you're stepping up to your first dSLR and don't have a stash of old lenses, the D40x is a good choice.
(Shorter bars indicate better performance.)
 | Time to first shot | | Raw shot-to-shot time | | Shutter lag (dim light) | | Shutter lag (typical) |
(Longer bars indicate better performance.)