Year in review: Linux on the hot seat
SCO fell out of the limelight, but its legal actions triggered efforts to wrestle with open-source intellectual-property issues.
SCO's ripple effects on open source
The SCO Group's high-profile legal actions targeting Linux faded from prominence in 2004, but they left a legacy: scrutiny of the intellectual-property foundations of open-source software.
SCO surprised the computing industry in 2003 with a lawsuit against IBM that argued Linux wrongly contained Unix technology. In 2004, the company fulfilled a pledge to sue Linux users, targeting AutoZone and DaimlerChrysler. But the legal case has lost urgency: Most of the DaimlerChrysler suit was thrown out, the IBM case has entered a legal maze of testimony and obscure motions, and the AutoZone case awaits rulings from other SCO cases.
Yet there have been other repercussions. Various offers of legal protections sprung up from Linux sellers Novell and Red Hat, while start-ups Open Source Risk Management and Black Duck Software hope to capitalize on legal worries. Meanwhile, IBM pledged not to use its mighty patent arsenal against Linux.
With SCO's star waning, others stepped in to rile Linux loyalists. Conspiracy theorists pounced on the news that Linux rival Microsoft had played matchmaker with SCO and BayStar Capital, which helped arrange $50 million in crucial funding for SCO. Microsoft Chief Executive Steve Ballmer fueled the flames by drawing attention to a study arguing Linux could infringe 283 patents.
And Sun Microsystems launched a direct attack on Red Hat with its Solaris version of Unix. Red Hat fought back with criticisms that Sun refuses to make Java open-source software. A new twist in the rivalry: Sun plans to release Solaris as open-source software by early 2005.
Linux, meanwhile, continues to become a staple of the computing diet. Linux server sales surpassed $1 billion in the third quarter of 2004 and should reach $9.1 billion for 2008, according to IDC. The two fastest supercomputers both run Linux. Novell and Red Hat have become more aggressive with desktop versions of Linux.
Open-source software continued its spread elsewhere, too. Hewlett-Packard signed deals to use JBoss' open-source application server, which runs Java programs on servers, and Sendmail's e-mail software. Analysts expect database software from MySQL to gain ground on proprietary rivals. SugarCRM is gunning for the lucrative customer relationship management software category. And the Firefox Web browser, the product of one of the earliest efforts to commercialize open-source software, has dented the dominance of Internet Explorer.
Some of the most telling examples of the powers of the cooperative programming movement come from its foes. Microsoft is getting involved in open-source software. Tight Microsoft ally Unisys had a change of heart, signing Linux deals with Red Hat and Novell. Even SCO, which has called the General Public License, or GPL, that governs Linux unconstitutional, relies on other GPL software packages for its Unix software.
--Stephen Shankland
Novell offers legal protection for Linux
SuSE Linux customers will get some legal indemnification for using the open-source OS, the fourth legal umbrella to emerge from an industry grappling with threats brought by SCO.January 13, 2004
Pandora's box for open source
As the demand for open-source software continues to rise, established companies must figure out how to profit while combining free technology with proprietary products.February 12, 2004
SCO suits target two big Linux users
The software company is targeting lawsuits against car parts retailer AutoZone and automaker DaimlerChrysler, claiming that they violated SCO's copyrights by using Linux.March 3, 2004
Investment firm confirms Microsoft link to SCO
Investment company BayStar Capital confirms ties between two Linux foes, saying that a Microsoft referral led to $50 million in BayStar funding for the SCO Group.March 11, 2004
SCO flops in DaimlerChrysler Unix lawsuit
Controversial company suffers setback in legal efforts to capitalize on Unix.July 21, 2004
Group: Linux potentially infringes 283 patents
Company that sells insurance against Linux-related intellectual-property litigation reports results of months-long review.August 1, 2004
IBM pledges no patent attacks against Linux
Big Blue's book of patents won't be used to bludgeon the open-source software.August 4, 2004
Sun: We've turned over a new leaf
The server giant failed to deliver what customers asked for, execs tell a confab crowd. But that's all changed, they promise.September 21, 2004
Adobe dipping toes into desktop Linux waters
Job postings reveal company's increasing Linux involvement, even if Photoshop won't run on open source anytime soon.November 3, 2004
Blue Gene, Linux top supercomputing list
Open-source software and off-the-shelf hardware make strong showing among the best of the biggest.November 8, 2004
Fact and fiction in the Microsoft-SCO relationship
SCO's fight against Linux has conspiracy theorists buzzing over Microsoft's role in the affair. What are the facts?November 15, 2004
Ballmer attacks Linux on patent front
Microsoft CEO says Linux may not really be free given the intellectual-property risks.November 18, 2004
Firefox cutting into IE's lead
As Firefox marks its 5 millionth download, a long-running survey puts IE below 90 percent for the first time.November 22, 2004
Sun open-source license could mean Solaris-Linux barrier
New license likely will be used to govern Solaris OS. But it may inhibit cross-pollination between Solaris and Linux.December 2, 2004
SCO's ripple effects on open source
The SCO Group's high-profile legal actions targeting Linux faded from prominence in 2004, but they left a legacy: scrutiny of the intellectual-property foundations of open-source software.
SCO surprised the computing industry in 2003 with a lawsuit against IBM that argued Linux wrongly contained Unix technology. In 2004, the company fulfilled a pledge to sue Linux users, targeting AutoZone and DaimlerChrysler. But the legal case has lost urgency: Most of the DaimlerChrysler suit was thrown out, the IBM case has entered a legal maze of testimony and obscure motions, and the AutoZone case awaits rulings from other SCO cases.
Yet there have been other repercussions. Various offers of legal protections sprung up from Linux sellers Novell and Red Hat, while start-ups Open Source Risk Management and Black Duck Software hope to capitalize on legal worries. Meanwhile, IBM pledged not to use its mighty patent arsenal against Linux.
With SCO's star waning, others stepped in to rile Linux loyalists. Conspiracy theorists pounced on the news that Linux rival Microsoft had played matchmaker with SCO and BayStar Capital, which helped arrange $50 million in crucial funding for SCO. Microsoft Chief Executive Steve Ballmer fueled the flames by drawing attention to a study arguing Linux could infringe 283 patents.
And Sun Microsystems launched a direct attack on Red Hat with its Solaris version of Unix. Red Hat fought back with criticisms that Sun refuses to make Java open-source software. A new twist in the rivalry: Sun plans to release Solaris as open-source software by early 2005.
Linux, meanwhile, continues to become a staple of the computing diet. Linux server sales surpassed $1 billion in the third quarter of 2004 and should reach $9.1 billion for 2008, according to IDC. The two fastest supercomputers both run Linux. Novell and Red Hat have become more aggressive with desktop versions of Linux.
Open-source software continued its spread elsewhere, too. Hewlett-Packard signed deals to use JBoss' open-source application server, which runs Java programs on servers, and Sendmail's e-mail software. Analysts expect database software from MySQL to gain ground on proprietary rivals. SugarCRM is gunning for the lucrative customer relationship management software category. And the Firefox Web browser, the product of one of the earliest efforts to commercialize open-source software, has dented the dominance of Internet Explorer.
Some of the most telling examples of the powers of the cooperative programming movement come from its foes. Microsoft is getting involved in open-source software. Tight Microsoft ally Unisys had a change of heart, signing Linux deals with Red Hat and Novell. Even SCO, which has called the General Public License, or GPL, that governs Linux unconstitutional, relies on other GPL software packages for its Unix software.
--Stephen Shankland
Novell offers legal protection for Linux
SuSE Linux customers will get some legal indemnification for using the open-source OS, the fourth legal umbrella to emerge from an industry grappling with threats brought by SCO.January 13, 2004
Pandora's box for open source
As the demand for open-source software continues to rise, established companies must figure out how to profit while combining free technology with proprietary products.February 12, 2004
SCO suits target two big Linux users
The software company is targeting lawsuits against car parts retailer AutoZone and automaker DaimlerChrysler, claiming that they violated SCO's copyrights by using Linux.March 3, 2004
Investment firm confirms Microsoft link to SCO
Investment company BayStar Capital confirms ties between two Linux foes, saying that a Microsoft referral led to $50 million in BayStar funding for the SCO Group.March 11, 2004
SCO flops in DaimlerChrysler Unix lawsuit
Controversial company suffers setback in legal efforts to capitalize on Unix.July 21, 2004
Group: Linux potentially infringes 283 patents
Company that sells insurance against Linux-related intellectual-property litigation reports results of months-long review.August 1, 2004
IBM pledges no patent attacks against Linux
Big Blue's book of patents won't be used to bludgeon the open-source software.August 4, 2004
Sun: We've turned over a new leaf
The server giant failed to deliver what customers asked for, execs tell a confab crowd. But that's all changed, they promise.September 21, 2004
Adobe dipping toes into desktop Linux waters
Job postings reveal company's increasing Linux involvement, even if Photoshop won't run on open source anytime soon.November 3, 2004
Blue Gene, Linux top supercomputing list
Open-source software and off-the-shelf hardware make strong showing among the best of the biggest.November 8, 2004
Fact and fiction in the Microsoft-SCO relationship
SCO's fight against Linux has conspiracy theorists buzzing over Microsoft's role in the affair. What are the facts?November 15, 2004
Ballmer attacks Linux on patent front
Microsoft CEO says Linux may not really be free given the intellectual-property risks.November 18, 2004
Firefox cutting into IE's lead
As Firefox marks its 5 millionth download, a long-running survey puts IE below 90 percent for the first time.November 22, 2004
Sun open-source license could mean Solaris-Linux barrier
New license likely will be used to govern Solaris OS. But it may inhibit cross-pollination between Solaris and Linux.December 2, 2004