Sweet-toothed bacteria generate power
Researchers say the electricity generated by mud-dwelling bacteria from a lump of sugar could power a cell phone for four days.
Fuelled by this unfashionably high-carbonate diet, the recently identified bacterium, Rhodoferax ferrireducens, releases the energy in sugar molecules by removing electrons. In their natural habitat of sediment in a Virginia bay, the bacteria pass on the electrons to iron compounds, but in the lab, the bacteria have been persuaded to donate them to an electrode as an electric current.
This isn't the first time that bioelectricity has been generated by microbes, but previous efforts relied on unwieldy intermediate chemicals called mediators.
Although the new process is efficient--up to 83 percent of available electrons can be turned into usable electricity--it is slow and produces a little current over a long period. Early applications may include a charging mechanism to top up more conventional fuel cells, with particular applications in surgical implants running from blood glucose and sensors extracting electricity from sucrose, fructose or other sugars in the immediate environment.
A single lump of household sugar can produce enough electricity through this method to power a cell phone battery for four days, according to the researchers.
The University of Massachusetts at Amherst has a track record in researching ways to use naturally occurring bacteria--called geobacters--in a variety of technologies, including those used in the extraction of heavy metals from the environment and in the biodegrading of organic contaminates.
The electrical-generation process does produce carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, but in smaller amounts per watt than existing ways of generating power by fossil fuel, according to the researchers.
ZDNet UK's Rupert Goodwins reported from London.