Apple releases massive security update

Apple on Tuesday released its second security update of the year--and it's a big one.

Known as APPLE-SA-2008-03-18 Security Update 2008-002, it contains more than 40 specific fixes for versions of Mac OS X. The most significant updates include Apache, ClamAV, Emacs, OpenSSH, PHP, and X11. There is no trend or theme here. The most serious vulnerabilities could lead to someone gaining remote access to a user's computer, while others may simply cause an application or service to crash. Other components mentioned in this update include AppKit, Core Foundation, Core Services, curl, CUPs, Help Viewer, ImageRaw, mDNSResponder, Podcast Producer, Preview, Printing and System Configuration.

To get the update, go to the Software Update pane in System Preferences, or Apple's Software Downloads Web site. The update "is recommended for all users and improves the security of Mac OS X," according to the Apple Downloads page.

Also on Tuesday, Apple released version 3.1 of its Safari browser for both Mac and Windows users. The release includes new features as well as security fixes, most of which address cross-site scripting flaws.

AFP Client--afp:// URL
This patch only affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.4.11, Mac OS X v10.5.2, Mac OS X Server v10.5.2. The update addresses an afp:// URL vulnerability in CVE-2007-4680. A remote attacker may be able to cause a certificate to appear trusted. According to Apple, "multiple stack buffer overflow issues exist in AFP Client's handling of afp:// URLs. By enticing a user to connect to a malicious AFP Server, an attacker may cause an unexpected application termination or arbitrary code execution."

AFP Server--Cross-realm authentication
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.4.11, Mac OS X v10.5.2, Mac OS X Server v10.5.2. The update addresses a cross-realm authentication vulnerability in CVE-2008-0045. Apple says: "An implementation issue exists in AFP Server's check of Kerberos principal realm names. This may allow unauthorized connections to the server, when cross-realm authentication with AFP Server is used. This update addresses the issue by through improved checks of Kerberos principal realm names. This issue does not affect systems running Mac OS X v10.5 or later." Apple also says that this issue has been addressed within Mac OS X v10.5 or later. Apple credits Ragnar Sundblad of KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden for reporting this issue.

Apache--1
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.5.2. The update addresses Apache 1.3.33 and 1.3.39 vulnerabilities in CVE-2005-3352, CVE-2006-3747, CVE-2007-3847, CVE-2007-5000, CVE-2007-6388.. Apple says "Apache is updated to version 1.3.41 to address several vulnerabilities, the most serious of which may lead to arbitrary code execution. Further information is available via the Apache web site at http://httpd.apache.org For Mac OS X v10.5, Apache version 1.3.x is only shipped on Server configurations. mod_ssl is also updated from version 2.8.24 to 2.8.31 to match the upgraded Apache; no security fixes are included in the update."

Apache--2
This patch only affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.5.2 and addresses various Apache 2.2.6 vulnerabilities in CVE-2007-5000, CVE-2007-6203, CVE-2007-6388, CVE-2007-6421, CVE-2008-0005. Apple says "Apache is updated to version 2.2.8 to address several vulnerabilities, the most serious of which may lead to cross-site scripting."

AppKit--NSDocument API
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.4.11. The update addresses a NSDocument API vulnerability in CVE-2008-0048. Apple says " A stack buffer overflow exists in the NSDocument API's handling of file names. On most file systems, this issue is not exploitable. This update addresses the issue through improved bounds checking. This issue does not affect systems running Mac OS X v10.5 or later."

AppKit--NSApplication
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.4.11. The update addresses a NSApplication vulnerability in CVE-2008-0049. Apple says "By sending maliciously crafted messages to privileged applications in the same bootstrap namespace, a local user may cause arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the target application. This update addresses the issue by removing the mach port in question and using another method to synchronize. This issue does not affect systems running Mac OS X v10.5 or later."

AppKit--Multiple integer overflow
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.4.11. The update addresses a Multiple integer overflow vulnerability in CVE-2008-0057. Apple says " By causing a maliciously formatted serialized property list to be parsed, an attacker could trigger a heap-based buffer overflow which may lead to arbitrary code execution. This update addresses the issue by performing additional validation of serialized input. This issue does not affect systems running Mac OS X v10.5 or later.

AppKit--network printer
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.4.11. The addresses a vulnerability in CVE-2008-0997. Apple says "by enticing a user to query a network printer, an attacker may cause an unexpected application termination or arbitrary code execution. This update addresses the issue through improved handling of PPD files. This issue does not affect systems running Mac OS X v10.5 or later."

Application Firewall (German)
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X v10.5.2. The update addresses a vulnerability in CVE-2008-0046. Apple says " the "Set access for specific services and applications" radio button of the Application Firewall preference pane was translated into German as "Zugriff auf bestimmte Dienste und Programme festlegen", which is "Set access to specific services and applications". This might lead a user to believe that the listed services were the only ones that would be permitted to accept incoming connections. This update addresses the issue by changing the German text to semantically match the English text. This issue does not affect systems prior to Mac OS X v10.5.

CFNetwork
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X v10.5.2 and addresses the frame navigation policy vulnerability in CVE-2008-0050. Apple says "a malicious HTTPS proxy server may return arbitrary data to CFNetwork in a 502 Bad Gateway error. A malicious proxy server could use this to spoof secure websites. This update addresses the issue by returning an error on any proxy error, instead of returning the proxy-supplied data. This issue is already addressed in systems running Mac OS X v10.5.2."

ClamAV--1
This patch affects users of Mac OS X Server v10.5.2. The update addresses vulnerabilities in CVE-2007-3725, CVE-2007-4510, CVE-2007-4560, CVE-2007-5759, CVE-2007-6335, CVE-2007-6336, CVE-2007-6337, CVE-2008-0318, CVE-2008-0728. Apple says "multiple vulnerabilities exist in ClamAV 0.90.3 provided with Mac OS X Server v10.5 systems, the most serious of which may lead to arbitrary code execution. This update addresses the issue by updating to ClamAV 0.92.1."

ClamAV--2
This patch affects users of Mac OS X Server v10.4.11. The update addresses vulnerability in CVE-2006-6481, CVE-2007-1745, CVE-2007-1997, CVE-2007-3725, CVE-2007-4510, CVE-2007-4560, CVE-2007-0897, CVE-2007-0898, CVE-2008-0318, CVE-2008-0728. Apple says "multiple vulnerabilities exist in ClamAV 0.88.5 provided with Mac OS X Server v10.4.11, the most serious of which may lead to arbitrary code execution. This update addresses the issue by updating to ClamAV 0.92.1."

CoreServices
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.4.11. The update addresses the vulnerability in CVE-2008-0052. Apple says: "Files with names ending in ".ief" can be automatically opened in AppleWorks if Safari's "Open 'Safe' files" preference is enabled. This is not the intended behavior and could lead to security policy violations. This update addresses the issue by removing ".ief" from the list of safe file types. This issue only affects systems prior to Mac OS X v10.5 with AppleWorks installed."

CUPS
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.4.11. The update addresses a vulnerability in CVE-2008-0596. Apple says "by sending a large number of requests to add and remove shared printers, an attacker may be able to cause a denial of service. This issue can not result in arbitrary code execution. This update addresses the issue through improved memory management. This issue does not affect systems prior to Mac OS X v10.5."

CUPS
This patch only affects users of Mac OS X v10.5.2, Mac OS X Server v10.5.2. The update addresses a vulnerability in CVE-2008-0047. According to Apple "a heap buffer overflow exists in the CUPS interface's processing of search expressions. If printer sharing is enabled, a remote attacker may be able to cause an unexpected application termination or arbitrary code execution with system privileges. If printer sharing is not enabled, a local user may be able to gain system privileges. This update addresses the issue by performing additional bounds checking. This issue does not affect systems prior to Mac OS X v10.5." Apple credits the regenrecht working with the VeriSign iDefense VCP for reporting this vulnerability.

CUPS
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.5.2, Mac OS X Server v10.5.2. The update addresses a vulnerability in CVE-2008-0053, and CVE-2008-0882.. Apple says "multiple input validation issues exist in CUPS, the most serious of which may lead to arbitrary code execution with system privileges. This update addresses the issues by updating to CUPS 1.3.6. These issues do not affect systems prior to Mac OS X v10.5.."

curl
This patch only affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.4.11 and addresses a vulnerability in CVE-2005-4077. Apple says " A one byte buffer overflow exists in curl 7.13.1. By enticing a user to run curl with a maliciously crafted URL, an attacker may cause an unexpected application termination or arbitrary code execution. This update addresses the issue by updating curl to version 7.16.3. Crash Reporter was updated to match the curl changes. This issue does not affect systems running Mac OS X v10.5 or later."

Emacs
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.4.11, Mac OS X v10.5.2, Mac OS X Server v10.5.2. The update addresses a format string vulnerability in CVE-2007-6109. Apple says "A stack buffer overflow exists in Emacs' format function. By exploiting vulnerable Emacs Lisp which allows an attacker to provide a format string containing a large precision value, an attacker may cause an unexpected application termination or possibly arbitrary code execution."

Emacs
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11 and Mac OS X v10.5.2. The update addresses a safe mode checks vulnerability in CVE-2007-5795. Apple says "a logic error in Emacs' hack-local-variable function allows any local variable to be set, even if 'enable-local-variables' is set to :safe. By enticing a user to load a file containing a maliciously crafted local variables declaration, a local user may cause an unauthorized modification of Emacs Lisp variables leading to arbitrary code execution. This issue has been fixed through improved :safe mode checks.

file
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.4.11. The update addresses a vulnerability in CVE-2008-1004. Affected users may find that requesting to unblock a website leads to information disclosure. Apple says "an integer overflow vulnerability exists in the file command line tool, which may lead to an unexpected application termination or arbitrary code execution. This update addresses the issue through improved bounds checking. This issue does not affect systems running Mac OS X v10.5 or later." Apple credits Colin Percival of the FreeBSD for reporting this issue.

Foundation--1
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11 and Mac OS X Server v10.4.11. The addresses a NSSelectorFromString API vulnerability in CVE-2008-0054. Apple says "an input validation issue exists in the NSSelectorFromString API. Passing it a malformed selector name may result in the return of an unexpected selector, which could lead to an unexpected application termination or arbitrary code execution. This update addresses the issue by performing additional validation on the selector name. This issue does not affect systems running Mac OS X v10.5 or later."

Foundation--2
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11 and Mac OS X Server v10.4.11. The update addresses the NSFileManager vulnerability in CVE-2008-0055. Apple says "when performing a recursive file copying operation, NSFileManager creates directories as world-writable, and only later restricts the permissions. This creates a race condition during which a local user can manipulate the directory and interfere in subsequent operations. This may lead to a privilege escalation to that of the application using the API. This update addresses the issue by creating directories with restrictive permissions. This issue does not affect systems running Mac OS X v10.5 or later."

Foundation--3
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X v10.5.2 and addresses the NSFileManager API vulnerability in CVE-2008-0056. Apple says "a long pathname with an unexpected structure can expose a stack buffer overflow vulnerability in NSFileManager. Presenting a specially crafted path to a program using NSFileManager could lead to the execution of arbitrary code. This update addresses the issue by ensuring a properly sized destination buffer. This issue does not affect systems running Mac OS X v10.5 or later."

Foundation--4
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11 and Mac OS X v10.5.2. The update addresses a vulnerability in CVE-2008-0058. Apple says "a thread race condition exists in NSURLConnection's cache management, which can cause a deallocated object to receive messages. Triggering this issue may lead to a denial of service, or arbitrary code execution with the privileges of Safari or another program using NSURLConnection." Apple credits Daniel Jalkut of Red Sweater Software for reporting this vulnerability.

Foundation--5
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11 and Mac OS X Server v10.4.11. The update addresses a race condition vulnerability in CVE-2008-0059. Apple says " A race condition exists in NSXML. By enticing a user to process an XML file in an application which uses NSXML, an attacker may cause an unexpected application termination or arbitrary code execution. This update addresses the issue through improvements to the error handling logic of NSXML. This issue does not affect systems running Mac OS X v10.5 or later.."

Help Viewer
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.4.11, Mac OS X v10.5.2, and Mac OS X Server v10.5.2. The update addresses the vulnerability in CVE-2008-0060. Visiting a maliciously crafted website may lead to an unexpected application termination or arbitrary code execution. Apple says "A malicious help:topic_list URL may insert arbitrary HTML or JavaScript into the generated topic list page, which may redirect to a Help Viewer help:runscript link that runs Applescript." Apple credits Brian Mastenbrook for reporting this vulnerability.

Image Raw
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.5.2, Mac OS X Server v10.5.2. The update addresses the vulnerability in CVE-2008-0987. Apple says "a stack based buffer overflow exists in the handling of Adobe Digital Negative (DNG) image files. By enticing a user to open a maliciously crafted image file, an attacker may cause an unexpected application termination or arbitrary code execution. This update addresses the issue through improved validation of DNG image files. This issue does not affect systems prior to Mac OS X v10.5." Apple credits Clint Ruoho of Laconic Security for reporting this vulnerability.

Kerberos
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X v10.5.2. The update addresses the vulnerabilities in CVE-2007-5901, CVE-2007-5971, CVE-2008-0062, and CVE-2008-0063. Apple says " Multiple memory corruption issues exist in MIT Kerberos 5, which may lead to an unexpected application termination or arbitrary code execution with system privileges. CVE-2008-0063 do not affect systems running Mac OS X v10.5 or later. CVE-2007-5901 does not affect systems prior to Mac OS X v10.4."

libc
This patch only affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.4.11. The update addresses a vulnerability in CVE-2008-0988. A remote attacker may be able to cause a certificate to appear trusted. According to Apple "An off by one issue exists in Libsystem's strnstr(3) implementation. Applications that use the strnstr API can read one byte beyond the limit specified by the user, which may lead to an unexpected application termination. This update addresses the issue through improved bounds checking. This issue does not affect systems running Mac OS X v10.5 or later." Apple credits Mike Ash of Rogue Amoeba Software for reporting this vulnerability.

mDNSResponder
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.5.2, Mac OS X Server v10.5.2. The update addresses a vulnerability in CVE-2008-0989. Apple says "a format string issue exists in mDNSResponderHelper. By setting the local hostname to a maliciously crafted string, a local user could cause a denial of service or arbitrary code execution with the privileges of mDNSResponderHelper. This update addresses the issue by using a static format string. This issue does not affect systems prior to Mac OS X v10.5."

notifyd
This patch only affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.4.11 and addresses a vulnerability in CVE-2008-0990. Apple says " notifyd accepts Mach port death notifications without verifying that they come from the kernel. If a local user sends fake Mach port death notifications to notifyd, applications that use the notify(3) API to register for notifications may never receive the notifications. This update addresses the issue by only accepting Mach port death notifications from the kernel. This issue does not affect systems running Mac OS X v10.5 or later."

OpenSSH
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.4.11, Mac OS X v10.5.2, and Mac OS X Server v10.5.2. The update addresses a vulnerability in CVE-2007-4752. Apple says "OpenSSH forwards a trusted X11 cookie when it cannot create an untrusted one. This may allow a remote attacker to gain elevated privileges. This update addresses the issue by updating OpenSSH to version 4.7."

pax archive utility
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.5.2 and Mac OS X Server v10.5.2. The update addresses a vulnerability in CVE-2008-0992. Apple says "the pax command line tool does not check a length in its input before using it as an array index, which may lead to an unexpected application termination or arbitrary code execution. This update addresses the issue by checking the index. This issue does not affect systems prior to Mac OS X v10.5."

PHP
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.5.2, Mac OS X Server v10.5.2. The update addresses a vulnerabilities in CVE-2007-1659, CVE-2007-1660, CVE-2007-1661, CVE-2007-1662, CVE-2007-4766, CVE-2007-4767, CVE-2007-4768, CVE-2007-4887. Apple says " PHP is updated to version 5.2.5 to address multiple vulnerabilities, the most serious of which may lead to arbitrary code execution."

PHP
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.5.2. The addresses a vulnerability in CVE-2007-3378 and CVE-2007-3799. Apple says "PHP is updated to version 4.4.8 to address multiple vulnerabilities, the most serious of which may lead to arbitrary code execution."

Podcast Producer
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.5.2, Mac OS X Server v10.5.2. The update addresses the vulnerability in CVE-2008-0993. Apple says "the Podcast Capture application provides passwords to a subtask through the arguments, potentially exposing the passwords to other local users. This update corrects the issue by providing passwords to the subtask through a pipe. This issue does not affect systems prior to Mac OS X v10.5." Apple credits Maximilian Reiss of Chair for Applied Software Engineering, TUM for reporting this issue.

Preview
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.5.2 and Mac OS X Server v10.5.2 and addresses the vulnerability in CVE-2008-0994. Apple says "when Preview saves a PDF file with encryption, it uses 40-bit RC4. This encryption algorithm may be broken with significant but readily available computing power. A person with access to the file may apply a brute-force technique to view it. This update enhances the encryption to 128-bit RC4."

Printing
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.5.2, Mac OS X Server v10.5.2. The update addresses a vulnerability in CVE-2008-0995. Apple says " Printing to a PDF file and setting an 'open' password uses 40-bit RC4. This encryption algorithm may be broken with significant but readily available computing power. A person with access to the file may apply a brute-force technique to view it. This update enhances the encryption to 128-bit RC4. This issue does not affect systems prior to Mac OS X v10.5."

Printing
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.5.2 and Mac OS X Server v10.5.2. The update addresses a vulnerability in CVE-2008-0996. Apple says " An information disclosure issue exists in the handling of authenticated print queues. When starting a job on an authenticated print queue, the credentials used for authentication may be saved to disk. This update addresses the issue by removing user credentials from printing presets before saving them to disk. This issue does not affect systems prior to Mac OS X v10.5."

System Configuration
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.4.11, Mac OS X v10.5.2, Mac OS X Server v10.5.2. The update addresses the vulnerability in CVE-2008-0998. Apple says " The privileged tool NetCfgTool uses distributed objects to communicate with untrusted client programs on the local machine. By sending a maliciously crafted message, a local user can bypass the authorization step and may cause arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the privileged program.

UDF
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.5.2 and Mac OS X Server v10.5.2. The update addresses the vulnerability in CVE-2008-0999. Apple says " A null pointer dereference issue exists in the handling of Universal Disc Format (UDF) file systems. By enticing a user to open a maliciously crafted disk image, an attacker may cause an unexpected system shutdown. This update addresses the issue through improved validation of UDF file systems. This issue does not affect systems prior to Mac OS X v10.5." Apple credits to Paul Wagland of Redwood Software, and Wayne Linder of Iomega for reporting this vulnerability.

X11
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.5.2, Mac OS X Server v10.5.2 and addresses the vulnerability in CVE-2008-1000. Apple says " A path traversal issue exists in the Mac OS X v10.5 Server Wiki Server. Attackers with access to edit wiki content may upload files that leverage this issue to place content wherever the wiki server can write, which may lead to arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the wiki server. This update addresses the issue through improved file name handling. This issue does not affect systems prior to Mac OS X v10.5. Apple credits to Rodrigo Carvalho, from the Core Security Consulting Services (CSC) team of CORE Security Technologies for reporting this vulnerability.

X11
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11 and Mac OS X Server v10.4.11 and addresses the vulnerabilities in CVE-2007-4568 and CVE-2007-4990. Apple says "multiple vulnerabilities exist in X11 X Font Server (XFS) 1.0.4, the most serious of which may lead to arbitrary code execution. This update addresses the issue by updating to version 1.0.5."

X11
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.5.2 and Mac OS X Server v10.5.2 and addresses the vulnerability in CVE-2006-3334, CVE-2006-5793, CVE-2007-2445, CVE-2007-5266, CVE-2007-5267, CVE-2007-5268, and CVE-2007-5269. Apple says " The PNG reference library (libpng) is updated to version 1.2.24 tp address several vulnerabilities, the most serious of which may lead to a remote denial of service or arbitrary code execution.

X11
This patch affects users of Mac OS X v10.4.11, Mac OS X Server v10.4.11, Mac OS X v10.5.2, and Mac OS X Server v10.5.2 and addresses the vulnerability in CVE-2007-5958, CVE-2008-0006, CVE-2007-6427, CVE-2007-6428, and CVE-2007-6429. Apple says " Numerous vulnerabilities in the X11 server allow execution of arbitrary code with the privileges of the user running the X11 server if the attacker can authenticate to the X11 server. This is a security vulnerability only if the X11 server is configured to not require authentication, which Apple does not recommend."