I've heard, read, viewed various ides on the origin of the universe and how it got started, and all that. However, some got to a point in their explanation to where they're with a sec. or less of the actual "big bang" and can't pin-point what caused it to happen. Others suggested, it was a rebound, that the universe then contracted so hard it "re-banged" and started over again. In other words more than one universe cycles. Others suggested the universe after the big-bang is ever expanding where it should be slowing down. Thus, the dark matter theory. Others have suggested there are at least 10 or 11 parallel universes that allow "unified theory" to explain itself. All in all a heck of alot thinking going on and usually sparked by some new nugget of wisdom. It's too bad, i don't understand the math behind all this but it sure leaves some doubt to the common man. dimwit -----Willy