seems to be the NX for one and a virtualized version called ND and the RAM limitation for the Atom. The advantage on Atom is the AES type encryption capability inbuilt.
The NX bit
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NX_bit
To meet the Windows 8 requirement for NX feature and SSE2 instructions
support, the Windows 8 kernel checks for these features during
initialization. Systems that do not support NX or SSE2 cannot initialize
a Windows 8 kernel.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Intel_Atom_microprocessors
Intel Core i5 4300Y
features
Has a NX bit - Yes
Supports trusted computing - No
Has virtualization support - Yes
Instruction set extensions
AES
AVX
FMA3
MMX
SSE
SSE2
SSE3
SSE4
SSE4.1
SSE4.2
Supplemental SSE3
Supports dynamic frequency scaling Yes
=========================================
Intel Atom Z3770
features
Has virtualization support - Yes
Instruction set extensions - AES
Supports dynamic frequency scaling - Yes
Memory limited to 4GB - Yes
However, at wikipedia this claim is made;
Quad-core tablet SoCs
"Bay Trail-T" (22 nm)
All models support: MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4,[4] Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology (EIST), Intel 64, XD bit (an NX bit implementation), Intel Burst Performance Technology (BPT), Intel VT-x, AES-NI.