Maybe. There's really no way to know until you try it. If you look up your specific model on Apple's website, you can find the CTO options for your model and find the maximum officially supported HDD capacity for your model. Once you go beyond that size, you enter into unknown territory. Something larger may work, or it may not work. The fun part is that this or that drive may work for someone with the exact same model MacBook as you, but it won't work for you.

Generally speaking, I've seen some of these models taking 500-750GB drives without issue, but at the same time I once had a unit in where it came with a 500GB drive, and the owner tried putting in a 750GB drive IIRC, and immediately started having problems. All of which went away as soon as he put the original drive in. So, it's really a YMMV kind of situation. Make sure you keep the receipt for the drive.