You can't use the boot drive of a laptop in another machine. Although it should boot, Windows will fail. So that's a bad way to get data of the disk. The usual way is to put it in an external USB-3 enclosure and connect that to another PC or laptop.
If you write "it won't start up at all", does this mean what it says? Get the disk out and turn it on. It should go through the usual BIOS-messages before complaining it can't find a boot drive. If even that doesn't work, but the usual LED's burn and the usual disks spin, you somehow damaged the motherboard. If that was done by that hard disk or by you, you'll probably never find out.
I had an older laptop that randomly stopped working, not sure why. I wanted to get some stuff off of the hard drive of it, so I took it out and put it into my newer laptop. With the old hard drive in the new laptop in it would not boot. Thinking maybe it was a hard drive issue, I put the old one back in and now the laptop won't start back up at all. Is it possible this hard drive was corrupted or something and bricked my laptop? Is that something that can happen? I'm not sure why attempting to put this hard drive in would cause this issue. If anyone could shed some light on this I'd appreciate ite

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