Hit my baby with my relatively heavy mouse....

I meant to say keyboard...

Yes and no. There are diagnostic programs out there, but it can vary from manufacturer to manufacturer whether or not they are publicly available. Dell includes its diagnostic program on pretty much every unit, while Apple guards its diagnostic programs with its usual insane paranoia. Toshiba doesn't really have a diagnostic program, just sort of saying certified techs should use one of a couple third party programs like Ultra-X. There are also a number of diagnostic programs for individual components. Plenty of aftermarket motherboards will have a special bracket you can attach for obtaining diagnostic codes to help you pin down the issue. Dell also has this on some of it's business oriented models.

Even then, having worked as a repair tech for a couple of years, these programs are no guarantee. There have been times a diagnostic program gives a computer a clean bill of health when even someone who's technical competency barely extends beyond turning the computer off and on, could see something is very wrong.