Transliteration is the classic way to translate, and usually the best way to define a word in the new language. In that case, there s/b no "Hell" or "hell" in a modern bible. That's an English word, from the Scandinavian, not Semitic or Greek. Transliteration would have avoided some of the theological "problems" in the KJV, like Rev 20:14, where the 'everlasting torture' beloved of the KJV translators is said itself to undergo death, "cast into the lake of fire".
How did they miss that? As with Luke 23, they already believed in a falsehood; torture after death, in this case.
That one clause got me into three references simultaneously, plus two Bibles. Ades is the mss. version of what is often given as haides. [No aitch in Gk.] Wilson _transliterates_ as "the invisible", which Vine's says is "questionable"; it prefers hades, which it says "corresponds to Sheol in the OT", which is correct. But Wilson does _translate_ as Hades. Vine's: "It has been unhappily rendered 'Hell', e.g. Ps 16;10". That's of interest because that's a prophetic psalm of David, who was certainly not a candidate for everlasting torture. In fact, when Peter quotes it to the Jewish multitude at Acts 2:31 and 3:15, and Paul likewise at Acts 13:34-37, esp. v.36, they are teaching the scriptural view of death, not the church view.
I've been told that the original Greek Hades was simply a dark place underground where dead folks went. Not much happened there; just hangin' with their peeps. Later, action-adventure stuff was added, a la Xena Wonderbra Princess. All religions are subject to accretion, if not monitored. Acts 20:30. Did you see the David and Goliath episode? A hoot. Goliath was the good guy, the misunderstood oaf and long-time friend of Xena. Made sense; writers would see him as legendary, like her. Belonged to the same union, so to speak.
This is fun, innit?
Full disclosure: We revised our Bible in 2013, and dropped some of the literalism for easier reading, without changing the theology. Much of what I give here is from the 1984 revision, which the new one supports via footnotes and glossary. The new one is a house-to-house teaching aid in one package. Old farts like me miss some of the older language, but we'll survive.
1Ki 7:23. The large wash water basin outside Solomon's Temple was 10 cubits in diameter and 30 cubits in circumference.
π = C / d
so, in the Bible, π = 3.00.
Is not Jehovah smarter than a fifth grader???

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