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Music Center: CNET's guide to digital audio

How to normalize your MP3s

By Nathaniel Wilkins
(October 3, 2005)

While they're not quite as unique as snowflakes, each MP3 has its own characteristics. People use different encoders on music from all kinds of sources, resulting in wildly varying volumes from song to song. If you want a smooth listening experience that will let you hear an entire playlist without adjusting your volume knob, you should normalize your MP3s. Normalize is a pro audio term meaning just what it sounds like. Normalizing software looks at an audio waveform and juices it up to eliminate volume discrepancies. But you don't need to be a recording engineer to normalize your MP3s; in fact, it's quite easy, whether you want to do so as you create a new file or work on a previously encoded file.

This tutorial is split into two parts. Follow the first part, "Encode normalized MP3s," to create normalized MP3s from CD tracks; if you've already created the MP3s that you would like to normalize, use part two, "Normalize existing MP3s." A word of warning before you start: Normalization of existing MP3 files oftentimes reencodes your file, so you may lose a little audio quality; for most people, the loss is insignificant. However, MP3Gain makes a point of not reencoding existing audio files, which is why we recommend it here.

Required attention span: 10 minutes per album
Ingredients
Before you start, you'll need to gather these elements:
MP3 files or CDs

Audiograbber (to encode normalized MP3s)

MP3Gain (to normalize existing MP3s)

Follow these simple steps

Part 1: Encode normalized MP3s
1
Get started.
Launch Audiograbber (PC only) and insert the CD.


Audiograbber's main window.



2

Configure the normalization settings.
Click the check box located in the bottom-left corner of Audiograbber's Norm. icon. A check will appear in the box, indicating that the normalization setting has been activated.

If you wish to customize the normalization settings, click the Norm. icon to open the Normalizing window. Although the default settings are usually suitable, you may, for instance, click the Normalizing window's Advanced button and experiment with the compression options to smooth out volume fluctuations within individual tracks. After making any adjustments, click OK to close the window.


Audiograbber's Normalizing window.



3
Configure the MP3 settings.
Click the MP3 icon to open the MP3 Settings window.

Select the MP3 file via the intermediate WAV file. Delete the WAV file. By default, your MP3 files will be created with a 128Kbps bit rate, but you can select a different bit rate with the slider under Constant Bit Rate. Click OK to close the window.


Mark the appropriate box in MP3 Settings.



4
Select the destination directory for your normalized MP3 files.
By default, Audiograbber will save your new MP3 files to the Audiograbber folder on your hard drive (for example, C:/audiograbber). If you wish to change the destination directory for the MP3 files, click the Settings icon to open the General Settings window.

In the General Settings window, click Browse, select the desired destination directory, and click OK to close the Select Directory window. Next, click OK to close the General Settings window.


Audiograbber's Select Directory and General Settings windows.



5
Create the normalized MP3 files.
Click the Freedb icon to automatically retrieve the CD track titles and other information that will be used to create your MP3 files.


Select the tracks you want.


Uncheck the boxes next to any tracks you don't want to transfer from the CD, then click the Grab icon to start transferring the tracks to your PC as normalized MP3s.


Audiograbber's Grab icon.


The MP3s will show up in the directory you selected.



Part 2: Normalize existing MP3s
1
Get started.
Launch MP3Gain (PC only).


MP3Gain's main window.



2
Select the MP3 files to normalize.
Click the Add File(s) icon to open the Add Files window.

Select the MP3 files you wish to normalize and click Open. Repeat the process to select files from different directories.


MP3Gain's Add Files window.



3
Set the target volume level.
MP3Gain's Target "Normal" Volume field determines the target volume for your MP3 files. The default setting of 89.0dB is a good starting point. You can increase or decrease the target volume level later if desired.


MP3Gain's target volume field set to 89.0dB, which is the default.



4
Analyze your MP3 files.
Click the Track Analysis icon and wait while the software analyzes the volume of your MP3 files. You can skip this step if you're not interested in knowing the current volume levels of the files.


The Volume column lists the levels of the tracks before normalizing.



5
Normalize your MP3 files.
Click the Track Gain icon and wait while the software normalizes the volume of your MP3 files.


MP3Gain's Track Gain icon.


Listen to your MP3 files. If the files are too quiet or too loud, adjust the setting in the Target "Normal" Volume field and click Track Gain again.



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